Overview
Units and measures are common in engineering data, so the rosemath library provides definitions to identify and convert between the most frequently used units. Application-specific code build upon these definitions to process the more extensive data models found in STEP, IFC, CIS/2, and others.
All definitions are in the rose_unit.h header file.
The RoseUnit enum provides a simple value for commonly used units. The RoseMeasureType enum characterizes different types of quantites. The RoseUnitSet class holds a collection of units for each of the different types of quantities.
The rose_unit_convert() function changes a numeric value from one unit to another. You can get the name of a unit with rose_unit_get_name() or the kind of quantity with rose_unit_get_measure_name().
RoseUnit (enum)
enum RoseUnit {
roseunit_unknown=0,
roseunit_as_is, // no conversion
/* length */
roseunit_mm, // millimeters
roseunit_cm, // centimeters
roseunit_m, // meters
roseunit_in, // inches
roseunit_ft, // feet
roseunit_micrometre, // millionth of a meter
roseunit_nanometre, // billionth of a meter
roseunit_milliinch, // thousandth of an inch
roseunit_microinch, // millionth of an inch
/* area */
roseunit_mm2, // square millimeters
roseunit_cm2, // square centimeters
roseunit_m2, // square meters
roseunit_in2, // square inches
roseunit_ft2, // square feet
/* volume */
roseunit_mm3, // cubic millimeters
roseunit_cm3, // cubic centimeters
roseunit_m3, // cubic meters
roseunit_in3, // cubic inches
roseunit_ft3, // cubic feet
/* angle */
roseunit_deg, // degrees
roseunit_rad, // radians
/* solid angle */
roseunit_steradian, // steradian
/* time */
roseunit_sec, // seconds
roseunit_min, // minutes
roseunit_hour, // hours
/* feedrates - linear speed */
roseunit_mmps, // millimeters per second
roseunit_mmpm, // millimeters per minute
roseunit_cmps, // centimeters per second
roseunit_mps, // meters per second
roseunit_ips, // inches per second
roseunit_ipm, // inches per minute
roseunit_fps, // feet per second
roseunit_fpm, // feet per minute
/* feed per revolution */
roseunit_mmprev, // millimeters per revolution
roseunit_iprev, // inches per revolution
/* feed per tooth */
roseunit_mmptooth, // millimeters per tooth
roseunit_iptooth, // inches per tooth
/* spinspeeds - rotational speed */
roseunit_hertz, // revolutions per second (hz)
roseunit_rpm, // revolutions per minute
// change to use a revolution context dependent unit
/* pressure */
roseunit_pa, // pascals
roseunit_kpa, // kilopascal
roseunit_mpa, // megapascal
roseunit_psi, // pounds per square inch
/* force */
roseunit_newton, // newtons
roseunit_lbf, // pound force
/* power */
roseunit_watt, // watts
roseunit_kw, // kilowatts
roseunit_hp, // horsepower
/* torque - full names to avoid confusion with nanometers */
roseunit_newton_meter, // newton meters
roseunit_pound_foot, // pound foot
/* temperature */
roseunit_celsius, // degree Celsius
roseunit_kelvin, // degree Kelvin
roseunit_fahrenheit, // degree Fahrenheit
roseunit_rankine, // degree Rankine
/* symbolic units */
roseunit_count,
roseunit_parameter,
roseunit_ratio,
roseunit_revolution,
roseunit_tooth,
/* COMING NEXT RELEASE */
/* mass units */
roseunit_mg,
roseunit_gram,
roseunit_kg,
roseunit_tonne, // megagram, aka metric ton
roseunit_ounce,
roseunit_pound,
roseunit_ton, // short ton 907.18474 kg
roseunit_long_ton, // long ton 1016.0469088 kg
// other si base units
roseunit_ampere,
roseunit_becquerel,
roseunit_candela,
roseunit_coulomb,
roseunit_farad,
roseunit_gray,
roseunit_henry,
roseunit_joule,
roseunit_lumen,
roseunit_lux,
roseunit_mole,
roseunit_ohm,
roseunit_siemens,
roseunit_sievert,
roseunit_tesla,
roseunit_volt,
roseunit_weber,
// Extra units
roseunit_kN, // force, kilonewtons
/* mass density */
roseunit_kg_per_m3,
roseunit_g_per_cm3,
roseunit_oz_per_in3,
roseunit_lb_per_in3,
roseunit_lb_per_ft3,
/* area density */
roseunit_kg_per_m2,
roseunit_g_per_cm2,
roseunit_oz_per_in2,
roseunit_lb_per_in2, // not roseunit_psi, which is force / area
roseunit_lb_per_ft2,
/* maximum number of elements defined, used for creating arrays,
* bounds checking when cast to an int and such
*/
ROSEUNIT_MAX_VALUE
};
The RoseUnit enumeration identifies common units. Application-specific code can process the general definitions from STEP, IFC, CIS/2 or others into these enums for easier processing.
RoseMeasureType (enum)
enum RoseMeasureType {
rosemeasure_unknown = 0,
rosemeasure_accel, // linear acceleration
rosemeasure_angle,
rosemeasure_ang_accel, // angular acceleration
rosemeasure_ang_speed, // angular frequency
rosemeasure_area,
rosemeasure_count,
rosemeasure_force,
rosemeasure_length,
rosemeasure_mass,
rosemeasure_parameter,
rosemeasure_power,
rosemeasure_pressure,
rosemeasure_ratio,
rosemeasure_revolution,
rosemeasure_solid_angle,
rosemeasure_speed, // linear velocity
rosemeasure_temp,
rosemeasure_time,
rosemeasure_tooth,
rosemeasure_torque,
rosemeasure_volume,
/* COMING NEXT RELEASE */
rosemeasure_amtofsubstance,
rosemeasure_capacitance,
rosemeasure_charge,
rosemeasure_conductance,
rosemeasure_current,
rosemeasure_resistance,
rosemeasure_voltage,
rosemeasure_energy,
rosemeasure_frequency, // temporal frequency
rosemeasure_illuminance,
rosemeasure_inductance,
rosemeasure_lumflux,
rosemeasure_lumintensity,
rosemeasure_magfluxdensity,
rosemeasure_magflux,
rosemeasure_absorbdose,
rosemeasure_equivdose,
rosemeasure_radioactivity,
rosemeasure_massdensity, // mass per volume
rosemeasure_areadensity, // mass per area
/* maximum number of elements defined, used for creating
* arrays, bounds checking when cast to an int and such
*/
ROSEMEASURE_MAX_VALUE
};
The RoseMeasureType enumeration identifies kinds of quantities which can simplify reasoning with units and measures.
rose_unit_convert()
double rose_unit_convert(
double val,
RoseUnit as_is,
RoseUnit to_be
);
The rose_unit_convert() function converts a value between two units and returns the result. The conversion may be a constant factor returned by rose_unit_get_conversion() or more complex conversions like °Fahrenheit to °Celsius. The function returns ROSE_NULL_REAL if no conversion exists or the input is null.
double val; // 10in, returns 254mm val = rose_unit_convert (10, roseunit_in, roseunit_mm); // 5cm, returns 50mm val = rose_unit_convert (5, roseunit_cm, roseunit_mm); // 63.5cm, returns 25in val = rose_unit_convert (63.5, roseunit_cm, roseunit_in); // freezing point, returns 32F val = rose_unit_convert (0, roseunit_celsius, roseunit_fahrenheit); // boiling point, return 212F val = rose_unit_convert (100, roseunit_celsius, roseunit_fahrenheit);
rose_unit_find()
RoseUnit rose_unit_find (const char * lookup_by_name);
The rose_unit_find() function returns the RoseUnit enum value identifying a unit. The function takes a string name and finds the unit matching a known long or short name, regardless of case.
RoseUnit u; // the following all return roseunit_in u = rose_unit_find(inch); u = rose_unit_find(in); u = rose_unit_find(INCH); u = rose_unit_find(IN); // the following returns roseunit_unknown u = rose_unit_find(foobar);
rose_unit_find_rational()
RoseUnit rose_unit_find_rational( RoseUnit num, RoseUnit denom );
The rose_unit_find_rational() function returns the unit corresponding to the "num" unit over the "denom" parameter, if it exists. If the result is not an element of RoseUnit, the function returns roseunit_unknown.
The rose_unit_get_numerator() and rose_unit_get_denominator() functions are used to find values in the opposite direction.
RoseUnit u; // inches per second, returns roseunit_ips u = rose_unit_find_rational(roseunit_in, roseunit_sec); // revolutions per second, returns roseunit_hertz u = rose_unit_find_rational(roseunit_revolution, roseunit_sec); // nonsense, returns roseunit_unknown u = rose_unit_find_rational(roseunit_kpa, roseunit_rpm);
rose_unit_find_related_by_factor()
RoseUnit rose_unit_find_related_by_factor( RoseUnit base, double factor );
The rose_unit_find_related_by_factor() function searches the known conversions for a unit that when multiplied by the conversion factor results in the given unit. The function will first try to match the conversion factor to within ROSE_EPSILON. If that fails, it will try to match conversion factors within 1%. This function is used with STEP data to help identify units given as general conversion values. The function returns roseunit_unknown if no match can be found.
This finds (returned unit) * factor = base
RoseUnit u; // will return roseunit_in for inch u = rose_unit_find_related_by_factor(roseunit_mm, 25.4); // will also return inch u = rose_unit_find_related_by_factor(roseunit_cm, 2.54);
rose_unit_get_conversion()
double rose_unit_get_conversion (
RoseUnit as_is,
RoseUnit to_be
);
The rose_unit_get_conversion() function returns the floating
point conversion factor that relates two units. The function
returns ROSE_NULL_REAL if no conversion exists between
the units. It returns zero if a conversion may exist but requires
custom action.
The following code fragment shows the behavior of the conversion factor.
RoseUnit asis;
RoseUnit tobe;
double cf = rose_unit_get_conversion (asis, tobe);
if (ROSE_FLOAT_IS_NULL(cf))
printf (no conversion exists\n
);
else if (cf == 0)
printf (CUSTOM\n
);
else
printf (%s == %g * %s\n
,
rose_unit_get_name(tobe),
cf,
rose_unit_get_name(asis) );
Calling this code produces the following output
// asis = roseunit_in
// tobe = roseunit_mm
mm == 25.4 * in
// asis = roseunit_m
// tobe = roseunit_mm
mm == 1000 * m
// asis = roseunit_deg
// tobe = roseunit_rad
radian == 0.0174533 * deg
// asis = roseunit_celsius
// tobe = roseunit_fahrenheit
CUSTOM
// asis = roseunit_mm
// tobe = roseunit_rad
no conversion exists
rose_unit_get_denominator()
RoseUnit rose_unit_get_denominator (RoseUnit u);
The rose_unit_get_denominator() function is the companion of the rose_unit_find_rational() and rose_unit_get_numerator() functions. Together, these functions can be used for simple reasoning on units.
The function returns the denominator of a rational unit. For example, calling this on meters per second (roseunit_mps) will return second (roseunit_sec). If the input is not a rational unit, the function returns roseunit_unknown.
rose_unit_get_fullname()
const char * rose_unit_get_fullname (RoseUnit u);
The rose_unit_get_fullname() function returns a formal name
for the unit, such as millimetere
.
The rose_unit_get_name() function
returns the common abbreviation.
rose_unit_get_measure_name()
const char * rose_unit_get_measure_name (RoseMeasureType vt);
The rose_unit_get_measure_name() function returns a descriptive name for a given value type.
rose_unit_get_measure_type()
RoseMeasureType rose_unit_get_measure_type (RoseUnit u); RoseMeasureType rose_unit_get_measure_type (const char * lookup_by_name);
The rose_unit_get_measure_type() function returns the RoseMeasureType enum value describing the type of quantity for a unit.
The version that takes a string name finds the value type matching a known name, regardless of case. These functions return rosemeasure_unknown if the unit enum is unknown or the measure name is not recognized.
rose_unit_get_name()
const char * rose_unit_get_name (RoseUnit u);
The rose_unit_get_name() function returns a concise name for
the unit, such
as mm
. The rose_unit_get_fullname()
returns a formal name for the unit, such as millimetere
.
rose_unit_get_numerator()
RoseUnit rose_unit_get_numerator (RoseUnit u);
The rose_unit_get_numerator function is the companion of the rose_unit_find_rational() and rose_unit_get_denominator() functions.
The function returns the numerator of a rational unit. For example, calling this on meters per second (roseunit_mps) will return meter (roseunit_m). If the input is not a rational unit, the function returns the original input value.